冲击载荷下新型炮眼堵塞器的力学特征研究

Study on Mechanical Characteristics of a New Type of Blast Hole Plug under Impact Loading

针对煤矿井下炮眼堵塞大量采用粘土炮泥存在运输量大、装填费时以及劳动强度大等问题,开发研制出一套堵塞密实、装填快捷、运输方便的新型炮眼堵塞器。利用电液伺服试验机和改进SHPB试验系统分别对堵塞器和粘土炮泥进行静载、冲击试验,检验其堵塞效果。结果表明:堵塞器和粘土炮泥在静载条件下的峰值荷载分别为18.8 k N、4.3 kN,与粘土炮泥相比,堵塞器提高了340%;在相同冲击入射能条件下,采用堵塞器比粘土炮泥压缩变形量减小22%~66%,在孔内运动时间延长14%~63%。研究结果表明,该堵塞器能够实现多级压紧缓冲胀裂,改善炮眼堵塞效果,为炮孔爆破堵塞提供了一种新方法。

Drilling and blasting technology is one of the main methods of excavation roadway and pressure relief in mining.Blasting hole is blocked by a large amount of clay stemming,but the method has many problems,which include a large volume of transportation,excess loading time,and high labor intensity and other problems.A new type of blast hole plug was designed and developed.This method closely blocks the hole,is quickly loaded,and is convenient for transportation.The static load and impact test was carried out respectively on the plug and clay stemming,using the electro-hydraulic servo testing machine and the improved SHPB test system.The results show that under static load,the peak load of the plug and clay stemming was 18.8 k N and 4.3 k N.Compared with the clay stemming,the plug increased by 340%.Under the condition of the same impact incident energy,using plug than clay stemming compression deformation decreased 22%~66%;motion time in the hole was prolonged by 14%~63%.The results proved that the plug could achieve multi-level buffer compression burst,could embrasure blasting effect,which provides a new method for blast hole stemming.