防火服热湿传递数学建模及人体皮肤烧伤预测

Mathematical modeling of heat and moisture transfer in fireproof clothing and prediction of skin burn

为了研究防火服内热湿传递规律,首先根据织物结构内部热湿传递的质量守恒和能量守恒等物理学定律,考虑消防水对热传递的影响,在已有热传递模型基础上加入湿传递方程,建立高温高湿环境下多层防火服-空气层-人体皮肤系统中的热湿耦合传递数学模型。然后利用有限差分方法求解该模型,得到防火服各层关于温度和水蒸气浓度的分布图。最后将热湿传递模型与皮肤烧伤模型相结合,通过计算烧伤积分值,预测了人体皮肤达到各级烧伤的时间。数值模拟表明:一定量的湿传递能够有效减缓温度上升的速度,延长皮肤达到各级烧伤的时间。该模型为高温高湿环境下防火服的设计提供了一定理论依据。

To investigate the law of heat andmoisture transfer in the fireproof clothing, the moisture transfer equation was added on the basis of existing heat transfer model,mass conservation and energy conservation of internal heat and moisture transfer in fabrics, and impacts of fire-fighting water on heat transfer to establish a mathematical model for coupled heat and moisture transfer in multi-layer fireproof clothing-air layer-human skin system under high temperature environment. Then, the finite difference method was used to solve the model, and the distribution diagram of temperature and vapor concentration at each layer of fireproof clothing. Finally, the heat and moisture transfer model and skin burn model were combined to predict the time of skin burn at each level through calculating the burn integral value. The numerical simulation indicates that certain amount of moisture transfer can effectively ease temperature rising speed and extend the time of skin burn at each level. The model provides certain theoretical basis for the design of fireproof clothing under high-temperature and high-moisture environment.