具有力致变色性能的有机固体荧光分子的研究进展

Research progress on organic solid-state fluorophores with mechanofluorochromic property

具有力致变色(Mechanofluorochromic,MFC)性能的荧光材料是一类在外界力的刺激下荧光发射波长或强度发生变化的智能材料,该材料对外界力刺激具有独特的光学响应性能而引起研究者的关注和研究兴趣,可广泛应用于压力传感、信息传感、秘密书写及数据存储等领域。具有MFC活性的有机固体荧光分子按照分子的结构特征主要分为平面共轭性和非平面性共轭性两大类;烷基的引入、基团的空间异构和不同相态之间的转变(晶相向晶相转变、非晶相向晶相的转变)均对有机固体荧光分子力致变色性能产生影响;其中,基团的空间异构对堆积时的分子结构、分子排列取向、分子间相互作用、堆积密度、结晶度等产生显著影响,并会引起荧光分子异构体的MFC活性差异,成为近几年有机固体荧光材料的研究热点。

The fluorescent material with mechanofluorochromic(MFC)property is a type of smart materials with fluorescence emission wavelength or intensity change under external force stimuli.The material has unique optical response performance under external force stimuli,thus causing researchers’attention and research interest.It can be widely applied in pressure sensor,information sensor,secret writing and data storage,etc.Organic solid fluorescent molecules with MFC activity are overall classified into two types with planar and non-planar conjugacy according to structural features of molecules.The introduction of alkyl group,space isomerism of group,and the transformation among different phase states(crystal phase-crystal phase transition,and amorphous phase-crystal phase transition)influence organic solid-state fluorescent molecules with MFC property.Space isomerism of group has obvious significance on molecular structure during molecular packing,molecular arrangement orientation,intermolecular interaction,packing density,and degree of crystallinity,and cause MFC activity difference of fluorescent molecular isomers.Hence,it has become a hot topic of organic solid-state fluorescent material in recent years.