交强险对机动车交通事故侵权责任的消极影响及其克服

交强险与机动车交通事故侵权责任是机动车交通事故损害赔偿的两种方式,随着我国在立法中对交强险无责赔付原则的确认,以及司法中交强险限额内侵权责任和交强险的脱钩,虽然使得受害人能够快速得到救济,但同时引发对机动车交通事故侵权规则的冲突以及对侵权诉讼的威慑,并有削弱侵权责任法功能的消极影响。在无责赔付原则下既保证规则的自洽,又能充分保护受害人的权利,应创造良好的法治环境,建立符合中国国情的机动车强制保险制度,通过对交强险相关规则的完善以及结合其他部门法的作用,保障机动车交通事故侵权诉讼中各方主体的公平,使侵权责任法的惩戒、威慑功能也得以发挥。

Compulsory traffic insurance and tort liability of motor vehicle traffic accident are two ways of motor vehicle traffic accident compensation. With the confirmation of the non-liability compensation principle of compulsory insurance in the legislation and the decoupling of tort liability and compulsory insurance within the limit of compulsory insurance in the judicature, although it enables the victims to get relief quickly,it also leads to the conflict of tort rules on motor vehicle traffic accidents and the deterrence of tort lawsuits,and it may have the negative effect of weakening the function of tort liability law. Under the principle of no liability compensation, to ensure that the self-consistency of rules is guaranteed and the rights of victims are fully protected, a sound legal environment should be created, and a compulsory motor vehicle insurance system in line with China’s national conditions should be established. By perfecting the relevant rules of compulsory traffic insurance and combining with the functions of other department laws, the author aims to ensure the fairness of all parties in the tort action of motor vehicle traffic accident, so that the punishment and deterrent function of tort liability law can be brought into play.