基于数据挖掘的尿浊用药规律分析

Analysis on Medication Regularity of Turbid Urine Based on Data Mining

目的:研究《中医方剂大辞典》中治疗尿浊方剂的组方用药规律。方法:收集、整理《中医方剂大辞典》中治疗尿浊的方剂,构建数据库,应用数据挖掘方法(频数分析、层次聚类分析、关联规则)对其用药规律进行分析。结果:253首治疗尿浊的方剂中,共涉及272味中药,使用频率排在前6位的中药为茯苓、龙骨、甘草、牡蛎、人参、黄柏,药物类别以补虚药、利水渗湿药、安神药、收涩药、清热药为主。对高频药物进行层次聚类分析,共得到8个聚类组合,每类按照中药功效可归纳为:健脾燥湿、温肾利湿、清热利湿、固肾涩精、补肾壮阳、滋肾补阴、宁心安神、益气补血。通过关联规则分析发现,常用药对及药组主要是补虚药、收涩药、利水渗湿药、温里药、安神药类药物的不同组合,其中桑螵蛸与龙骨是治疗尿浊最常见的药对。结论:尿浊方剂的用药规律以清利湿热、补益脾肾为主。中医治疗尿浊应先辨虚实,初期多为实证,治以清利湿热;久病多虚,宜健脾益气、填补肾精,但要做到清补兼顾。

Objective:To analyze the medication regularities of prescriptions in Prescription Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine for turbid urine.Methods:The prescriptions for turbid urine were collected from Prescription Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine to establish the database,which were analyzed the medication regularity through data mining(frequency analysis,hierarchical clustering,association rules).Results:Totally 272 Chinese medicinal herbs were involved in the 253 prescriptions of treating turbid urine.The top 6 Chinese medicinal herbs frequently used were Poria,Os Draconis,Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Concha Ostreae,Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma,Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex.Tonifying and replenishing medicinal,dampness-draining diuretic medicinal,tranquillizing medicinal,astringent medicinal,heat-clearing medicinal were frequently used.8 clustering combinations were obtained based on hierarchical clustering of the high frequency Chinese medicinal herbs in the prescriptions,which could be summarized according to the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine as follows:fortifying the spleen and drying dampness,warming the kidney and draining dampness,clearing heat and draining dampness,securing the kidney and astringing essence,tonifying the kidney and invigorating yang,enriching the kidney and replenishing yin,calming the heart and tranquilizing the mind,tonifying qi and replenishing blood.Through the association rule analysis,it was found that the main herb pairs and herb groups were different combinations of tonifying and replenishing medicinal,astringent medicinal,dampness-draining diuretic medicinal,interior-warming medicinal,tranquillizing medicinal.Among them,Mantidis Ootheca and Os Draconis were the most common herb pairs for the treatment of turbid urine.Conclusion:The medication regularities of prescriptions for turbid urine are dominated by clearing heat and draining dampness,tonifying the kidney and spleen.Traditional Chinese medicine for treating turbid urine should distinguish deficiency syndrome and excess syndrome first.Turbid urine is mostly excess syndrome at early stage,which should be treated by clearing heat and draining dampness.It becomes deficiency syndrome usually at advanced stage and should be treated by fortifying the spleen and replenishing qi,tonifying the kidney,but attentions must be paid to both clearing and tonifying.