土默特地区契约文书整理出版简况--《土默特文书》出版侧记

A Brief Introduction to the Publication of Contract Documents in Tumet--Sidelights on the Publication of the Tumet contract Documents

20世纪以来,契约文书的整理出版为学术研究带来了新资料、新视野,推动了与之相关的社会、经济、文化等方面研究的创新和深入。目前,综合区域分布、总体数量、整理出版、学术研究等各要素来看,契约文书的发掘整理存在南多北少的现象,中国南部地区如福建、浙江、贵州、江西、安徽等地成果丰硕,北部地区受关注程度较低,但呈现出逐年向好的趋势,整理出版成果陆续推出。本文重点介绍近年来土默特地区契约文书的整理出版情况,尤其是《土默特文书》的主要特点和资料价值。《土默特文书》共收录储建中先生私人所藏契约文书7000余件,其主要特点包括:白契多,红契少;拥有土默特与山西双重特色;地商文书不断出现;收录有一定数量的关帝庙契约等。《土默特文书》的整理出版为研究明清以来土默特乃至北部边疆少数民族地区的政治、经济、社会、法律、民俗、语言文字以及满、蒙古、汉等各民族的经济互动与融合发展等带来了新的资料和契机。

Since the 20 th century, the collation and publication of contract documents has brought new materials and new horizons to academic research, and promoted the innovation and in-depth research in social, economic and cultural aspects. At present, from the perspective of regional distribution, overall quantity, arrangement and publication, academic research and other factors, the excavation and arrangement of contractual documents are more in the south than in the north. The southern areas of China, such as Fujian, Zhejiang, Guizhou, Jiangxi, Anhui and other places, have achieved fruitful results, while the northern areas have received less attention, but they have shown a trend of getting better year by year, and the results of arrangement and publication have been launched in succession. This paper focuses on the collecting and publication of the contract documents in recent years, especially the main characteristics and data value of the Tvmet contract documents. There are more than 7000 Tumet contract documents collected by Mr. Chu Jianzhong in Tumet document. The main characteristics include: more white contracts, less red contracts;the dual characteristics of Tumet and Shanxi;the continuous emergence of local commercial documents;and a certain number of Guandi Temple contracts. The collation and publication of Tumet Contract Documents has brought new materials and opportunities for the study of the politics, economy, society, law,folk custom, language and characters of Tumet and even the northern border minority areas since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, as well as the economic interaction and integration development of Manchu, Mongolia, Han and other ethnic groups.