真菌的群体感应现象及群体感应分子(QSMs)研究进展

Advances in quorum sensing and quorum sensing molecules of fungi

为适应环境变化,微生物细胞间进行信息交流,导致其菌体形态、生物被膜的形成、毒素分泌等生理生化特征发生变化,这种细胞间交流的现象称为群体感应现象。最初在细菌中发现这种复杂的交流方式,后来,在真核生物(真菌)中也发现了这种现象,白色念珠菌是较早被报道具有群体感应系统的真菌之一。目前,已经在各种真菌中鉴定出了许多群体感应分子,其中,围绕白色念珠菌的群体感应现象及机制研究报道较多,发现了其主要的群体感应分子及其调控作用机制。本文中,笔者主要针对白色念珠菌群体感应分子的挖掘及其生理效应进行系统综述,此外,还对其他真菌群体感应现象及群体感应分子进行概述。最后,笔者预测不同真菌群体感应研究发展方向和潜在应用。

Nowadays,the theory of independent live of microorganisms has been generally denied.In order to adapt to environmental changes,information communication between microbial cells leads to changes in their physiological and biochemical characteristics,such as the morphology of bacteria,the formation of biofilm and toxin secretion.The communication is called quorum sensing.This complex form of communication was first found in bacteria,and later in eukaryotes(fungi).Candida albicans is one of the earliest reported fungi with quorum sensing system.Many quorum sensing molecules have been identified in various fungi.There are many reports on the quorum sensing and mechanisms of Candida albicans.The main quorum sensing molecules and their regulatory mechanism are found.In this review,we focus on the discovery and the physiological effects of quorum sensing molecules in Candida albicans.We also summarized the quorum sensing phenomenon and quorum sensing molecules in other fungi.Finally,we make a prediction to the future of quorum sensing and their potential applications.