藻际菌胶团的特征、调节机制与生态功能

Characteristics,regulatory mechanisms and ecological functions of zoogloea consortium in phycosphere environment

藻类对促进海洋物质循环、维持水生环境的生态平衡具有重要作用。在藻菌关系中,基于微生物的多样性和重要性,藻类与细菌之间的相互关系成为了研究的热点。藻际(phycosphere)环境是藻菌共生的一种典型生态位(niche),在这一生境中微生物形成的菌胶团(zoogloea consortium)是调控藻菌关系的重要组成部分。以往的研究证明菌胶团具有结构多样性和功能多样性,在维持藻际环境稳定、物质循环和信息交流方面具有重要的生态意义。本文中,笔者以藻际菌胶团为重点,综述其物质基础(物种组成、胞外聚合物类别)、结构特征(生物被膜)以及生态功能,并从化学信号的角度探讨了群体感应信号(quorum sensing)对菌胶团的调节机制。论文旨在梳理菌胶团的形成特点及其在营养摄取、环境抗性、功能维持上的最新进展,并在此基础上提出展望,为未来深入理解藻际菌胶团的生态学机制提供化学生态学思路。

Algae plays an important role in promoting the marine biogeochemical cycle and maintaining the ecological balance of the aquatic environment.In the algal-microbial symbiotic,the interactions between algae and bacteria has become a research hotspot on account of the diversity and significance of the algal associated microorganisms.Phycosphere environment is a typical niche for the algal-bacterial symbiont,where the zoogloea consortium formed by microorganisms is an important regulator for both interactions.Previous studies have proved that zoogloea consortium has both structural and functional diversity,with great ecological significance in maintaining the stability of phycosphere environment,material circulation,and information exchange.This review focuses on the zoogloea consortium in the phycosphere niche,and summarizes their material basis(species composition,the category of extracellular polymeric substances),structural characteristics(such as biofilm),and ecological functions.Furthermore,the quorum sensing-based regulation mechanisms on zoogloea consortium are discussed.The aim of this paper is to summarize the formation characteristics of zoogloea consortium and their recent progresses in nutrient uptake,environmental resistance,and functional profiles.In addition,this review will help us to better understand the ecophysiological mechanisms of zoogloea consortium in the phycosphere niche from the chemecological perspective.