金融发展与城乡居民收入差距影响的实证研究--以湖北省为例

An Empirical Research on the Impact of Financial Development for the Income Gap between the Urban and Rural Residents--taking Hubei province as the example

随着区域经济的不断发展及金融改革的深度推进,城乡居民收入差距也在发生着变化。本文以金融规模、金融效率和金融结构作为衡量区域金融发展的三个维度,以湖北省2000-2018年度统计年鉴的数据为依托,构建金融发展与城乡居民收入差距的VAR实证模型,试从金融角度寻找缩小城乡收入差距的切入点。研究发现,城乡居民收入差距受金融规模的影响较大,而受金融效率和金融结构的影响较小,金融规模的扩大和短期金融结构的优化能有效缩小城乡收入差距,而金融效率的提高则会在一定程度上扩大城乡收入的差距。基于以上实证结果,本文从扩大金融规模、优化金融结构、促进金融资源分配合理化三个方面提出推进金融改革的可行建议,旨在为地方政府出台相应政策进一步缩小城乡居民收入差距提供理论支撑。

With the continuous development of the regional economy and the deepening of financial reforms, the income gap between urban and rural residents is also changing. This paper takes financial scale, financial efficiency and financial structure as the three dimensions to measure regional financial development. Based on the data from 2000-2018 statistical yearbook of Hubei province, the paper has built a VAR empirical model for financial development and income gap between the urban and rural residents aiming at looking for an entry point to narrow the urban-rural income gap. The study found that the urban-rural income gap is greatly affected by the financial scale, but is less affected by the financial efficiency and financial structure. The expansion of the financial scale and the optimization of the financial structure in short term can effectively narrow the urban-rural income gap, meanwhile the improvement of financial efficiency will expand the gap to a certain extend. According to the results of empirical research, this paper proposes feasible suggestions in order to offer corresponding policy support for local government on narrowing the gap: expanding financial scale, optimizing financial structure, and promoting the rationalization of financial efficiency.