永磁同步发电机自适应分数阶PID控制设计

Adaptive fractional-order PID control design of permanent magnetic synchronous generator

设计了一款新型自适应分数阶比例-积分-微分(AdaptiveFractional-Order Proportional-Integral-Derivative,AFOPID)控制,以实现永磁同步发电机(Permanent Magnetic Synchronous Generator,PMSG)的最大功率追踪(Maximum Power Point Tracking, MPPT)。首先,将发电机非线性、参数不确定性、未建模动态以及随机风速聚合成一个扰动,并通过高增益状态-扰动观测器(High-Gain State and Perturbation Observer, HGSPO)对其在线估计。随后,采用分数阶PID(Fractional-Order Proportional-Integral-Derivative, FOPID)控制对该扰动估计进行完全补偿,以实现不同工况下全局一致的鲁棒控制性能。AFOPID控制较传统PID控制而言具有更出色的MPPT性能,且其无需精确的PMSG模型,仅需测量d轴电流和机械转速,易于实现。通过阶跃风速和随机风速两个算例,对AFOPID的控制性能与PID控制、FOPID控制和反馈线性化控制(Feedback Linearization Control, FLC)进行了对比。仿真结果验证了AFOPID控制的有效性和鲁棒性。

A novel Adaptive Fractional-Order Proportional-Integral-Derivative(AFOPID) control is designed to realize the Maximum Power Point Tracking(MPPT) of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator(PMSG). First, the generator nonlinearities, parameter uncertainties, unmodelled dynamics, stochastic wind speed are all aggregated into a perturbation, which is estimated online by a High-Gain State And Perturbation Observer(HGSPO). Then, the Fractional-Order Proportional-Integral-Derivative(FOPID) control is employed to fully compensate for the perturbation estimate, such that a globally consistent robust control performance under various operation conditions can be achieved. AFOPID control has a better MPPT performance than PID control. It does not require an accurate PMSG model while only the measurement of d-axis current and mechanical rotation speed is needed. Two cases are carried out i.e. step change of wind speed and stochastic wind variation. Simulation results validate the effectiveness and robustness of AFOPID control compared to that of PID control, FOPID control and Feedback Linearization Control(FLC).