特大城市公共卫生风险识别及规划应对

Public Health Risk Identification and Planning Response in Megacities

特大城市具有人口高度密集、资源要素高度集聚、国际交往频繁、辐射能力和影响力大等显著特征。随着全球化程度不断加深,特大城市受突发公共卫生事件影响的概率将会显著增加。文章以广州市为例,聚焦特大城市人口特征、公共卫生防疫体系、传染病救治和城市治理等方面,分析、识别公共卫生安全风险点,并重点从城乡规划角度提出建立区域联防联控机制、加强高危空间识别与管控、保障传染病救治空间、开展卫生防疫专项规划编制、提升社区治理能力等对策和建议。

Megacities are characterized by high density of population,high concentration of resource elements,frequent national exchanges,large radiation capacity and influence.With the deepening of globalization,the probability of megacities affected by public health emergencies will increase significantly.Taking Guangzhou as an example,this paper focuses on the population characteristics,public health and epidemic prevention system,treatment of infectious diseases,urban governance and other aspects,analyzes and identifies public health and safety risk points.From the viewpoint of planning management,it puts forward suggestions such as establishing regional joint prevention and control mechanism,strengthening high-risk space identification and control,ensuring the treatment space of infectious diseases,carrying out special planning of health and epidemic prevention,and improving community governance capacity.