“农户+合作社+超市”模式下的农产品价格形成研究——以北京番茄市场为例

Research on the Price Formation of Agricultural Products under the Mode of“Farmers+Cooperatives+Supermarkets”:A Case Study of Tomato Market in Beijing

农超对接有效缩减了农产品流通环节,有利于建立农户与零售商之间稳定的购销关系,有利于稳定农产品价格,促进农产品市场健康发展。文章基于“农户+合作社+超市”模式,以蔬菜产品为例,分析农超对接模式中的农产品价格形成。研究发现:农户与蔬菜合作社之间的议价能力是决定农产品价格形成的关键;在农户对番茄收购价格议价能力大于合作社的情况下,以完全成本计算的番茄理论均衡收购价格最接近番茄实际收购价格;在合作社目标利润率为15%的情况下,番茄均衡零售价格最接近其实际零售价格。

The direct connecting between farmers and supermarkets effectively reduces the circulation of agricultural products,helps to establish a stable relationship between farmers and retailers and promotes the healthy development of agricultural product market.Based on the model of“farmers+cooperative+supermarket”,this paper takes vegetable prices as an example to analyze the price formation of agricultural products in the mode of direct connect between farmers and supermarkets.The results show that the bargaining power of farmers with vegetable cooperatives is the key to determine the price formation of agricultural products.When the bargaining power of farmers on Tomato purchase price is greater than that of cooperatives,the theoretical equilibrium pur chase price of tomatoes calculated by full cost is the closest to the actual purchase price.When the target profit margin of coopera tives becomes 15%,the equilibrium retail price of tomato is the closest to its actual retail price.