城口山地鸡两个品系主要性状选育效果分析

Analysis on Breeding Effect of Main Characters of Two Strains of Chengkou Mountain Chicken

试验采用家系选择与个体选择法,对组建的城口山地鸡基础群分别进行生长性能和产蛋性能的选择,并结合体型外貌羽色和胫色的选择,建立城口山地鸡CR1和CK1两个品系。结果显示:经过5个世代的选育,CR1系L5世代17周龄和43周龄公、母鸡体重较L1世代分别提高了166.5 g、193.3 g、182.4 g和127.3 g,且体重性状差异均显著(P<0.05);而CK1系L5世代各阶段体重较L1世代均有所提高(P>0.05)。CR1系和CK1系L5世代开产日龄较L1世代分别提前了13.5 d(P<0.05)和13.1 d(P<0.05),L5世代43周龄产蛋量较L1世代分别提高了3.9个(P<0.05)和9.8个(P<0.01)。同时,两个品系L5世代黑羽率、青胫率、受精率和受精蛋孵化率较L1世代均有不同程度的提高。研究表明:城口山地鸡两个品系主要性状选育效果突出,生长性能和产蛋性能明显改善提高,该品系的培育可为地方鸡品种内的品系培育提供参考。

In this study,the growth performance and laying performance of Chengkou chicken foundation group were selected by the method of family selection and individual selection,and two strains of Chengkou mountain chicken CR1 and CK1 were established by combining the selection of body appearance,feather color and shank color.After five generations of breeding,the body weight of 17 and 43 weeks of male and female chickens in the 5 th generation of CR1 line increased166.5 g,193.3 g,182.4 g and 127.3 g,respectively,compared with that of the 1 st generation(P<0.05),while the body weight of the 5 th generation of CK1 line was higher than that of the 1 st generation(P>0.05).The ages at first egg of CR1 and CK1 were 13.5 and 13.1 days earlier than that of the first generation,respectively,and the egg production of43 weeks of the fifth generation was 3.9 and 9.8 higher than that of the first generation,respectively(P<0.05 and P<0.01).At the same time,the black feather rate,green tibia rate,fertilization rate and hatching rate of fertilized eggs in the 5 th generation of the two strains were increased to varying degrees in the 1 st generation.The results showed that the main traits of two strains of Chengkou mountain chicken were significantly improved,and the growth performance and egg production performance were improved.The breeding of this strain could provide reference for strain breeding in local chicken breeds.