长江中下游地区丰水期河、湖水氢氧同位素组成特征

Variations of Stable Oxygen and Deuterium Isotopes in River and Lake Waters During Flooding Season Along the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River Regions

稳定同位素技术在示踪水体的来源、演化及不同水体间相互转化关系、污染源已被广泛地应用.基于2018年7月对长江中下游地区长江干流河水和湖水同位素样品收集,本文分析了长江中下游地区丰水期河水和湖水中δ^18O和δ^2H组成特征,在此基础上进一步揭示了其空间上演化特征及其影响因素.结果表明长江干流δ^18O和δ^2H值自三峡库区向下游地区呈逐渐增大的变化趋势,这与降水同位素变化密切相关.在三峡库区段与宜昌-城陵矶段河水δ^18O和δ^2H值无显著差异,而河水d-excess值波动范围较小.在洞庭湖-江汉和华阳-鄱阳湖湖泊群中湖水δ^18O和δ^2H值要贫于太湖-三角洲湖泊群,且太湖-三角洲湖泊群湖水中d-excess值为负值,这主要是太湖-三角洲地区受同位素较为富集的降水和强烈的蒸发作用的影响.在淀山湖和大通湖同位素值最大,洞庭湖和鄱阳湖同位素值偏小,这主要是由于长江与鄱阳湖、洞庭湖直接相通,两湖的水情直接受制于长江影响,水位较高,鄱阳湖和洞庭湖同位素组成受长江水补给影响明显.因此,开展长江中下游河湖水同位素的调查研究,这将对充分认识于了解长江中下游地区大气降水-河水-湖水的相互联系与探讨其水资源合理利用和管理提供科学依据.

Stable isotope tracers have been widely applied to water sources and evolution, transforming relations, and pollution sources of various water bodies. This study analyzed the spatial variations of δ^2H and δ^18O in river and lake waters during flooding season, and revealed the factors underlying their variations along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River based on a field sampling campaign in July 2018. Our results showed that δ^2H and δ^18O in the Yangtze River water were enriched from the Three Gorges reservoir region to the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, which was closely linked to isotopic variations in precipitation. There was no significant difference in δ^2H and δ^18O values in the mainstream river waters between the Three Gorges Reservoir Region and Yichang-Chenglingji. However, d-excess values in river water displayed a small variation range. In contrast, δ^2H and δ^18O values in the lake group from Dongting to Jianghan and Huayang to Poyang Lake were lower than in the lake group from Taihu to the Yangtze Delta. Negative d-excess values were observed in lake water from Taihu to the Yangtze Delta, suggesting the combined influence of enriched isotopic compositions in precipitation and strong evaporative enrichment. Of the lakes, the highest isotopic values were found in Dianshan Lake and Datong Lake, whereas the lowest isotopic values were recorded in Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake because of their direct connection with the Yangtze River. The water regimes of Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake were influenced by the Yangtze River, especially when a high water level of the Yangtze River occurred, and thus altered the isotopic compositions of Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake water. Hence, these findings will provide scientific data revealing the precipitation-river-lake interactions and investigating the rational utilization and management of water resources in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River regions.