热带芳香观赏兰花香花毛兰的组培快繁技术

Tissue Culture of Eria javanica, a Tropical Aromatic Ornamental Orchid, for Rapid Propagation

香气是构成兰花观赏价值的重要因素,但目前栽培应用的热带兰花品种多不具有香味,培育芳香型品种已成为热带兰花育种的趋势之一。香花毛兰(Eria javanica)花开时香气清新,具有重要的观赏价值。以香花毛兰无菌播种获得的实生幼苗为原材料,通过不同基本培养基、激素配比以及有机添加剂对比,筛选适宜生长基本培养基、增殖培养基、生根壮苗培养基,并开展移栽驯化等一系列研究。同时探索了N、P、K元素对香花毛兰幼苗壮苗生根的影响。结果表明:在培养基1/2MS全半量+6-BA 0.5 mg/L+NAA 1.0 mg/L+椰子汁10%+AC1.0 g/L+琼脂粉4.0 g/L上,增殖效果较好;Mitra+NH4NO3 0.83 g/L+IBA 0.4 mg/L+椰子汁10%+AC1.0 g/L+琼脂粉4.0 g/L上,生根效果较好。通过探索香花毛兰的组培技术,为香花毛兰的开发利用与保护奠定理论与实践基础。

Aroma is an important factor of the ornamental value of orchids. However, most tropical orchids have no fragrance. The development of aromatic cultivars has become one of the trends in tropical orchid breeding. Eria javanica is sweet and pleasant in fragrance when its flowers are open, and has an important ornamental value. Seedlings of E. javanica germinated from the seeds sown in a sterile condition were used as explants for tissue culture on different cultural mediums with different hormones and organic additives to select optimal basic medium, proliferation medium and rooting medium. The tube plants were then transplanted for hardening off. The effect of N, P and K elements on the rooting and plant growth of the tube plants cultured on the rooting mediums were also observed. The results showed that E. javanica had a higher proliferation rate when cultured on the medium with 1/2 MS + 6-BA 0.5 mg/L + NAA 1.0 mg/L +coconut milk 10% + AC1.0 g/L + agar powder 4.0 g/L, and a higher rooting rate on the medium of Mitra +NH4NO3 0.83 g/L + IBA 0.4 mg/L + coconut milk 10% + AC1.0 g/L + agar powder 4.0 g/L. This tissue culture protocol may provide reference for the conservation and development of E. javanica.