娄底地区鱼类肠道微生物与酶活性的初步研究

Preliminary Study on Intestinal Microbial Population and Enzyme Activity of Fish in Loudi Area

研究采用微生物传统选择培养法和比色法对娄底地区的草鱼、鲫鱼、鲢鱼和鳙鱼4种鱼肠道的微生物数量和酶活性进行测定,以期为娄底地区鱼类疾病的防治、微生物添加剂的使用提供资料。结果显示:草鱼肠道中真菌、肠球菌和大肠杆菌数量最多,鲫鱼肠道内的优势菌群为乳酸菌,而鲢鱼和鳙鱼肠道内不存在优势菌群;草鱼肠道内纤维素酶和淀粉酶活性较高,鲫鱼肠道内蛋白酶和脂肪酶活性较高,鲢鱼和鳙鱼肠道酶活性表现中规中矩,纤维素酶和淀粉酶活性低于草鱼,蛋白酶和脂肪酶活性低于鲫鱼。分析认为,在健康状态下,鱼类肠道微生物数量和酶活性与其食性存在一定的对应关系。

In order to provide the data of intestinal microorganism and enzyme activity for the prevention and control of fish diseases and the use of microbial additives in Loudi area,the microbial quantity and enzyme activity in the intestines of Ctenopharyngodon idellain,Carassius auratus,Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Aristichthys nobilis in Loudi area were determined by traditional microbial selective culture and colorimetry.The results showed that Ctenopharyngodon idellain had the highest number of fungi,Enterococcus and Escherichia coli in the intestine;the dominant bacterium in Carassius auratus intestines was Lactobacillus,however there were no dominant bacteria in Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Aristichthys nobilis.Ctenopharyngodon idellain intestine had higher cellulase and amylase activities,Carassius auratus intestine had higher protease and lipase activities.In Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Aristichthys nobilis intestines,cellulase and amylase activities were lower than in Ctenopharyngodon idellain,and protease and lipase activities were lower than in Carassius auratus.Therefore,in a healthy state,there is a corresponding relationship between the number of fish intestinal microorganisms and enzyme activity and food habit of fish.