科学数据开放共享策略机制及优化路径研究

Research on Open Sharing Strategy Mechanism and Optimization Path of Scientific Data

[目的/意义]探讨科学数据共享策略机制,设计科学数据共享优化路径,为我国科学数据开放共享实践提供理论指导。[方法/过程]从心理契约和合同契约双重视角,揭示科学数据共享策略演化机制和共享策略激励机制,指出科学数据开放共享策略选择的优化路径。[结果/结论]数据互补程度、外界随机干扰、网络道德风险等是影响科学数据开放共享策略选择的关键要素,最优激励合同是科研群体共享策略选择的最重要激励机制。科学数据共享优化路径包括:建立健全科学数据开放共享法律体系、探索科学数据开放共享监管新模式、营造健康的科学数据开放共享生态系统。

[Purpose/Significance]We explore the sharing strategy mechanism and design the sharing optimization path of scientific data to provide theoretical guidance for the open sharing practice of scientific data in China.[Method/Process]From the perspectives of psychological contract and contractual contract,we reveal the evolution mechanism of scientific data sharing strategy and the incentive mechanism of sharing strategy,and point out the optimization path of scientific data open sharing strategy selection.[Result/Conclusion]The study finds that data complementarity,external random interference,and network moral hazard are the key factors affecting the choice of open sharing strategies for scientific data.The optimal incentive contract is the most important incentive mechanism for scientific research groups to share strategy choices.The scientific data sharing optimization path includes:establishing and improving the open sharing legal system of scientific data,exploring a new mode of open sharing and supervision of scientific data,and creating a healthy open sharing ecosystem of scientific data.