老年人口腔健康现状和相关影响因素调查及护理

Oral health status and related factors in elderly population and preventive nursing intervention

目的分析影响老年人口腔健康现状和相关影响因素,并拟定相应预防性护理干预措施。方法资料选取本院2017年6月至2019年6月口腔科筛查的100例老年人口腔健康状况,回收有效问卷97份(97.0%),其中有13例(13.4%)患者经《中国居民口腔健康指南》评价未达到口腔卫生健康行为指标,收集所有患者人口特征和口腔健康行为相关资料,录入统计学数据库进行处理分析。结果本次受试97例老年人中有13例(13.4%)未符合口腔健康行为评价标准;喜吃酸甜食、偏侧咀嚼、未安装假牙、使用含氟牙膏为影响老年人口腔健康状况多因素。结论老年人可由于对口腔保健相关知识掌握不足,导致口腔自我保健能力和认知能力较低,影响牙齿使用过程中的生活质量,因此,护理人员应针对老年患者特点拟定相应预防性护理干预措施,增强老年人口腔健康普及,提高生活质量。

Objective To analyze the present situation of oral health and related influencing factors of the elderly,and propose preventive nursing intervention measures.Methods The oral health status of 100 elderly persons screened by department of stomatology of our hospital was investigated from June 2017 to June 2019,and 97 valid questionnaires(97.0%)were recovered,among which 13 patients(13.4%)failed to meet the oral health behavior index with the evaluation of Oral Health Guidelines for Chinese Residents.The demographic characteristics and oral health behaviors of all patients were collected and recorded into the statistical database for processing and analysis.Results Among the 97 elderly patients,13 cases(13.4%)did not meet the evaluation criteria of oral health behaviors;the sweet and sour food,unilateral chewing,dentures uninstalled,and the use of fluoride-containing toothpaste were the most important factors affecting the oral health of the elderly.Conclusions The elderly can not master the related knowledge of oral health care very well,which leads to the low ability of oral self-care and low cognitive ability,affects the quality of life in the process of tooth use.Therefore,nurses should formulate corresponding preventive nursing interventions according to the characteristics of elderly patients to enhance the popularity of oral health and quality of life of the elderly.