聚焦区域创新——城市创新体系的观测维度

Focus on Regional Innovation-Investigation Dimensions of Urban Innovation System

本文主要介绍区域创新体系的基本概念,并与国家创新体系的概念进行比较,突出区域创新体系研究的特殊性和必要性,特别介绍和强调所谓“城市创新体系”及其研究维度,包括创新活动的网络关系、创新活动资源的认识和观测、潜在和现实的创新实力观测、创新活动的经济环境和人文社会环境关系的观测等。本文以一个突出现实和潜在创新能力的观测框架为例,对106个典型样本城市(专利指标作筛选标准)开展了包括14个相关经济和创新指标的实际观测,其中纳入了以单位能耗的城市经济产出水平为标准的所谓新经济业态观测指标,运用主成分分析方法,将此观测框架提炼为现实经济与创新、创新效率、社会网络条件、新经济业态四个维度,得出了有一定参考意义的研究结论,同时突出了我国南方城市和北方城市的群体差异。相关研究思想和分析框架可为对我国城市创新体系和城市带研究有兴趣的读者提供参考借鉴。

This paper dealed with the major concepts on Regional Innovation System(RIS),in com paration with the concept of National Innovation System(NIS),emphasizedthe uniqueness and necessities of research focus on RIS,in particular,introduced and emphasized the concept of Ur ban Innovation System,and its investigation dimensions,including networking relations of inno vative activities,recognition and examination overinnovative activities resources,investigation of potential as well as practical innovation capacities,and examination on the economic&social environment of innovative activities.This article provided an research example of such investiga tion framework on both potential and practical innovation capacities over 106 sample cities in China(patent records as benchmark for sample selection),covering 14 relevant practical exami nation on both economic and innovation indicators.Further,the study also includedexamination indicators for so-called new industrial format by measuring unit cost of energy for economic out put in city level.By adopting the principle factor analysis(PFA)method,four dimensions were extracted from the examination framework,namely,practical economic&innovation,innovation efficiency,social networking environment,and new industrial format,in this way,referential re search findings were reached,especially the group differences between the southern and north ern China were highlighted.The related investigation thought and analytical framework could be also referential to readers who might be interested in further urban innovation system and urban belt studies.