从认知构式语法角度探究“得”字句的本质属性

A Construction Grammar Approach to the Essential Attributes of Chinese De Construction

文章以现代汉语表状态“得”字句、表程度“得”字句和表可能“得”字句为研究对象,试图在认知构式语法理论框架探求它们的主要属性,研究它们与表结果“得”字句的内在关联进而探求整个“得”字句式的本质属性。通过研究,我们发现现代汉语“得”字句的本质属性可归纳为:某种程度和某种结果。现代汉语“得”字句是一个功能范畴,是一个具有交际功能的网络系统,它们之间具有家族相似性,又有着各自不可替代的功能,它们协同在一起完成交际功能。

The paper tries to probe into the main attributes of Chinese‘Degree De construction’with perfectives as its predicate,‘Degree De construction’with imperfectives and adjectives as its predicate and‘De construction indicating possibility’under the framework of the Construction Grammar and further tries to explore the essential attributes of the entire Chinese De construction.After the analysis,it finds that Chinese De construction is a coherent category of functions with the dominant attributes“some degree and some result”with four instantiations,that is,Cause-Effect De construction,‘Degree De construction’with perfectives as its predicate,‘Degree De construction’with imperfectives and adjectives as its predicate and‘De construction indicating possibility’.Each of them only displays only one or some of the dominant attributes.Each of them has a non-substitutable function and they work together to accomplish our communicative needs.