气味情绪效应在长期载人航天中的应用展望

Application Prospect of Olfactory Emotion Effect in Long-term Manned Spaceflight

未来长期载人航天对航天员心理支持系统提出了挑战。目前的航天心理支持系统主要作用感官为视觉、听觉,而气味情绪效应尚未得到应用。相比其他感官,气味对情绪调节具有效果明显,不占用脑力资源,兼具药用性与安慰性等特点。同时,由于微重力环境对人嗅觉的影响较弱,使得在太空中使用嗅觉调节情绪具备基本可能。在地面,气味情绪调控已成功应用于商业营销、医疗保健、社交生活等领域,取得了丰富的研究成果。这些成果可为未来航天任务中的辅助情绪调节、工作训练、辅助睡眠、脑功能维护等问题的嗅觉解决方案提供借鉴。目前,气味情绪调控在航天领域已经初步得到应用,但在嗅觉功能的利用程度上仍滞后于地面,主要技术挑战包括人体及航天器安全性、气味环境管理以及极端环境下的科研结果支撑等。作为一种具有潜在应用价值的情绪调节方法,气味情绪调节技术在航天领域的深化应用仍需要相关技术研究的支持。

The future long-duration manned spaceflight presents a challenge to the psychological support system of astronauts.At present,the space psychological support system mainly involves the visual and audio senses,and the emotional effect of olfaction has not been systematically exploited.Comparing with other senses,olfaction is not only more effective in emotion regulation but also has the advantage of less mental resource occupation,and has the potential of medical and comforting effects.Meanwhile,the effect of microgravity on human olfaction is weak which makes the olfactory emotion regulation in space feasible.On the ground,olfactory emotion regulation has been successfully applied in marketing,medical care,social life and other fields and abundant research achievements have been obtained.These results can provide good reference for the olfactory solutions in future space missions such as emotion regulation,working and training assistance,sleep promotion,brain function maintenance and so on.Olfactory emotion regulation has now been preliminarily applied in space,but the utilization still lags behind that on the ground.There are technical challenges for further use of olfactory emotion regulation in space such as the safety of human and spacecraft,the management of smell environment and the technical support for the extreme environment.Thus,the olfactory emotion regulation technology,as an emotional regulation method with potential application value in space,still needs more relevant technical support and research for its further space application.