人类生殖系基因编辑的伦理问题——基于桑德尔基因伦理思想分析

The Ethical Issue of the Human Reproductive System Gene Editing:Based on the Gene Ethical Thought of Sandel

随着人类首例基因编辑婴儿的出生,科学界和伦理学界对该研究领域的探讨达到一个高峰。本文以此为切入点,基于桑德尔基因伦理思想对人类生殖系基因编辑的伦理问题进行分析,得出结论如下:安全、自由和公正问题在一定程度上能够作为反对人类生殖系基因编辑的理由,但并非具有完全说服力;最为关键的理由在于人类改造自然的渴望、过度征服自然的欲望可能带来的对人类天赋掌控的伦理挑战。因此,人类生殖系基因编辑应该在严格管控之下进行基础性研究,由于人体试验和临床研究还没有得到足够的伦理辩护,应该暂停相应的人体和临床实验。

With the birth of the first genetically edited infant,the discuss for this research industry reached a peak no matter in scientific community or ethical philosophy industry.This article takes this as a starting point to analyse the ethical issue of the human reproductive system gene editing based on the gene ethical thought of Sandel,and it comes to a conclusion:the problem of security,freedom and fair could served as the reason for objecting to human reproductive system gene to some extent,but it is not entirely convincing.The most important reason lies on man's desire to transform nature,but the excessive desire to conquer nature could pose an ethical challenge to man's innate control.Therefore,human reproductive system gene editing should have basic research under strict control.Any human and clinical trials should be paused as it has not received sufficient ethical defense.