乡土建筑技术化转向、影响及现实化实践——基于“传统-现代”关系认知中的乡村建筑技术及传承刍议

Technical Transformation, Influence and Realistic Practice of Rural Architecture:on Rural Architecture Technology and Inheritance Based on the Cognition of “Traditional-modern” Relationship

乡村建筑及其技术的现代转向,以其具体的、感性而鲜活的方式诠释着"传统"与"现代"间矛盾与冲突。作为长期乡村生存实践而累积的建筑技术传统,以其所具有的地方性、经验性认知方式及其显性的、公共性的物质方式,展现它的乡土的人文气息、生存智慧,以致沉淀为生存于此的人的集体记忆。技术化运用使得以乡土技术表现的乡村建筑迅速消亡,乡村建筑这一"活"的乡土技术文化及由此形成的集体记忆在现代技术作用下被肢解、毁坏,包含着乡土精神、乡愁慰藉的另一种人类生存智慧与传统将失去。因此,乡村建筑现代建构及技术选择应该通过乡村规划、建立乡土建筑保护和工匠培养等措施,赋予乡土建筑及技术更丰富的现代性内涵,并使之对接并呈现于现代乡村建筑建设中,实现科技文化多样意义上的乡土传统自信与现代智慧自觉的融汇。

The modern turn of rural architecture and its technology,explains the contradiction and conflict between"tradition"and"modern"in its specific,perceptual and vivid way.As the architectural technology tradition formed by the rural survival practice,it shows its local cultural flavor and survival wisdom with its local and experiential cognitive way,and becomes the collective memory of people.The application of technology makes the rural architecture represented by local technology die out rapidly,the local technology culture and the collective memory formed by it are dismembered and destroyed,and the survival tradition containing local spirit and nostalgia will be lost.Modern rural building construction and technology selection,therefore,should through the village planning,establish training measures,such as vernacular architecture protection and craftsmen to vernacular architecture and technology more rich connotation of modernity,and docking and rendered in the construction of modern country architecture,implementation of science and technology culture diversity in the sense of local traditional self-confidence and modern wisdom consciously.