科学民主化研究的缘起、现状及意义

The Origin, Present Situation and Significance of Scientific Democratization Research

科学与民主历来是学术界关注的热点话题,传统科学哲学和科学实践经验表明科学与民主之间存在明显的张力,但这种张力并未彻底阻止民主对科学的介入。当代STS和SSK的研究可以成为民主介入科学的敲门砖,对技治主义的批判进一步引发了学界对科学民主化的研究热情。科学民主化研究主要集中在三个方面:对科学民主化的论证、对科学知识生产民主特征的表述,以及对科学决策民主化的相关研究。科学民主化研究有三重实践意义:推动两大文化群体相互交流、维护科学知识生产正义和防范科学与意识形态之间形成强关联。

Science and democracy is a hot issue in academia.The traditional view of philosophy of science and practical experience of science show that there is obvious tension between science and democracy,but this tension does not prevent democracy from intervening in science.The research of contemporary STS and SSK could be regarded as a suitable stepping stone for democracy stepping into science.The criticism of technocracy has further raised the academic circle’s research enthusiasm on the democratization of science.The research on democratization of science mainly focuses on three aspects:the demonstration of democratization of science,the expression of characteristics of democratization of science and the related research on democratization of scientific policy-making.The research on democratization of science has at least three practical significance:promoting conversations between the two major cultural groups,maintaining the justice of scientific knowledge production and preventing the formation of a strong relationship between science and ideology.