全面二孩政策下家庭照料性别化及市场化

Gendered and Market-Oriented Family Care under the Comprehensive Two-Child Policy

家庭照料是一种情感劳动。调查发现,"工作-家庭"模式中的性别化程度高、幼儿照料的社会化程度低,缺乏性别意识的生育保险制度,家庭向个人婚姻观念的转变,等等,是全面二孩政策下家庭照料中的主要特征。为此,国家有必要作为儿童照料的主体,通过完善生育保险及家庭照料相关制度,使用人单位也能够积极鼓励女性生育,构建社区、机构、家庭和单位照料的多种模式,以解决家庭中的儿童照料问题。

Family care is an emotional labor.In this study we found highly gendered work and family,the low socialization of child care,the lack of gender-conscious maternity insurance system and the family’s transition to personal marriage concepts,etc.,were all the main characteristics of family care under the comprehensive two-child policy.In this study we proposed that the state should be the main body of child care,by improving maternity insurance related systems,giving the employer some certain encouragement policies,revising and truly implementing male paternity leave,improving the care system,and recommending community care,market-based institutional care,family care,unit care and multiple care methods be constructed.