轧制油泥资源化工艺研究

Research on resource recycling technology of rolling sludge

钢铁和机械加工过程中会使用由润滑油配置而成的乳化液,经过多次循环使用后会混入金属颗粒、胶质、灰尘等杂质,进而形成轧制油泥。轧制油泥属于危险废物,已经成为环保治理的难题。采用碱洗/酸化分离工艺对某机械厂提供的轧制油泥进行处理,进而回收脂肪酸和铁粉,以实现轧制油泥减量和资源化的目的。试验结果表明:在碱液/轧制油泥(质量比)为4、温度为80℃、反应时间为120 min、NaOH添加量为轧制油泥皂化值1.05倍的条件下,皂化率和脂肪酸产率分别为87.55%和81.01%,固体残留率为26.48%,经二次碱洗后固体残留率进一步降至8.26%,主要成分为铁粉。碱洗/酸化工艺简洁、成本较低,为轧制油泥规模化处理和利用提供了合理有效的解决方案。

The emulsion formulated from lubricating oill is often used in steel and mechanical processing,it will be mixed with impurities such as metal particles,colloid and dust after recycling for many times,and turn into rolling sludge,which is a kind of hazardous waste and has become a difficult problem for environmental protection.The lye washing-acidification separation process was used to deal with the rolling sludge provided by a machinery factory,and then the fatty acid and iron powder were recovered to achieve the purpose of reduction and resource utilization.The test results showed that the saponification rate and fatty acid yield were 87.55%and 81.01%,while the solid residue rate was 26.48%under the condition that the mass ratio of lye to sludge was 4,the temperature and reaction time were 80℃and 120 min,and NaOH addition was 1.05 times of saponification value.After a second lye washing,the solid residue rate further reduced to 8.26%and the main component was iron powder.The lye washing-acidification process was simple in operation and low in cost,which provided a reasonable and effective solution for large-scale processing and utilization of rolling sludge.