基于遗传算法的溢流阀缓冲特性优化分析

Optimization analysis of buffer characteristics of relief valve based on genetic algorithm

针对溢流阀缓冲系统中缓冲腔存在压力冲击问题,对液压缸回油路连接溢流阀缓冲系统进行了研究。利用AMESim搭建了溢流阀缓冲特性仿真模型,对受冲击的质量块速度位移动态曲线和缓冲腔压力流量动态曲线进行了仿真,提出了一种溢流阀缓冲特性的优化方法;构建了溢流阀缓冲特性的理想模型和优化模型,对缓冲腔压力与理想模型压力的误差绝对值积分目标函数进行了构造;最后基于遗传算法,对溢流阀相关结构参数进行了优化。研究结果表明:优化后的溢流阀通径为22 mm,弹簧刚度为15 N/mm,弹簧预紧力为700 N;优化后的溢流阀缓冲特性得到了改善,缓冲腔压力峰值降低了2.2 MPa。

Aiming at the problem of pressure overshoot of buffer chamber in the relief valve buffer system, the hydraulic cylinder return circuit buffer system connected with the relief valve as the carrier was researched. The simulation model of buffer characteristic of relief valve was built based on AMESim, and the dynamic curve of velocity and displacement of impacted mass and the dynamic curve of pressure and flow of buffer chamber were obtained. An optimization method of buffer characteristic of relief valve was proposed. The ideal model and optimization model of the buffer characteristics of the relief valve were built. Taking the integral of the absolute value of the error between the buffer chamber pressure and the ideal model pressure as the objective function, the relevant structural parameters of the relief valve were optimized based on the genetic algorithm. The results indicate that the optimized relief valve diameter is 22 mm, spring stiffness is 15 N/mm, and spring preload is 700 N. After optimization, the buffer characteristics of the relief valve are improved, and the top pressure reduced 2.2 MPa.