限矩型液力偶合器全充液工况的流固耦合研究

Analysis of fluid-structure coupling of torque limited hydrodynamic coupling under full filling condition

针对限矩型液力偶合器在正常工况下出现破损的问题,对偶合器的速度、压力以及矢量进行了分析,对偶合器叶轮的受力特性进行了研究。以D483限矩型液力偶合器为基础,分别建立了偶合器的周期性几何模型和流道模型;利用ANSYS Fluent对偶合器的制动工况、牵引工况及额定工况这3种典型工况下流体区域的速度和压力进行了仿真分析,并得到了不同转速比的涡轮转矩;利用ANSYS Workbench静力学分析软件,采用单向耦合的流固耦合方法将流体区域的计算数据传递给了叶片结构,并对泵轮和涡轮施加离心载荷,最后得到了3种工况下偶合器叶片的总体变形量和等效应力。研究结果表明:偶合器工作时工作腔内的旋涡、二次流以及回流等会消耗偶合器的能量,可为偶合器的结构优化以及提高其工作效率提供一种有效途径;通过流固耦合的方法得到了叶片的受力特性和变形情况,排除了偶合器因为工作液的正应力而破损的可能。

Aiming at the problem that the torque-type coupling is damaged under normal working conditions, the speed, pressure and vector of the coupling were analyzed, and the force characteristics of the coupling impeller were studied. Based on the D483 torque-type fluid coupling, the periodic geometric model and flow path model of the coupling were established. The ANSYS Fluent was used to simulate the speed and pressure of the fluid region in the typical working conditions of the clutch, traction and rated conditions of the coupling, and the turbine torque of different speed ratios was obtained. The static analysis software of ANSYS Workbench was used, the unidirectionally coupled fluid-solid coupling method was used to transfer the calculated data of the fluid region to the blade structure, and the centrifugal load was applied to the pump wheel and the turbine. Finally, the overall deformation and equivalent stress of the blades was obtained under three working conditions. The results show that the vortex, secondary flow and reflow in the working cavity consume the energy of the coupling, which provides an effective way for the structural optimization of the coupling and the improvement of its working efficiency. The force characteristics and deformation of the blade are obtained by fluid-solid coupling method, and the possibility that the coupling is broken due to the normal stress of the working fluid is eliminated.