8种植物精油对嗜卷书虱的杀虫活性及香青兰精油的GC-MS成分分析

Insecticidal Activity of 8 Essential Oils and Analysis of Chemical Composition of Dracocephalum moldavica by GC-MS

为筛选新型环保植物源仓储害虫杀虫剂,采用水蒸汽蒸馏法提取8种植物精油,滤纸药膜法、密闭空气熏蒸法测定精油对嗜卷书虱成虫的触杀、熏蒸活性,筛选出高活性植物,并用气相质谱-色谱联用仪(GC-MS)对高活性植物精油进行化学成分的分析和鉴定。结果表明:香青兰、窃衣、啤酒花精油对嗜卷书虱具有较强的触杀活性,LD50分别为157.43、349.34和633.07μg/cm2;香青兰、蒌蒿和窃衣精油对嗜卷书虱具有较好的熏蒸活性,LC50分别为0.20、0.70和1.66 mg/L。香青兰精油经GC-MS分析,检测并鉴定到23个化学成分,相对含量占总含量的84.22%,其主要成分为乙酸香叶酯(16.26%)、丁香酚(13.90%)、香叶醛(13.20%)、草蒿脑(7.89%)、丙烯酸-2-乙基己酯(8.55%)以及橙花醛(7.60%)。研究结果表明香青兰精油对嗜卷书虱的生物活性较好,值得进一步研究。

Eight plant oils were extracted from wild plants usig steaming distillation in screening for new insecticides for storage pests.Essential oils were evaluated for insecticidal activities against Liposcelis bostrychophil using filter-paper film method and fumigation method.Three essential oils(Dracocephalum moldavica,Torilis scabra,and Humulus lupulus)showed strong contact toxicity against L.bostrychophila,with LD50 values of 157.43,349.34 and 633.07μg/cm2,respectively.Three essential oils(D.moldavica,Artemisia selengensis and T.scabra)showed strong fumigant toxicity against the booklouse,with LC50 values of 0.20,0.70 and 1.66 mg/L,respectively.The essential oil from D.moldavica that exhibited the strongest contact and fumigant toxicity was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)for chemical composition.Twenty three compounds were identified,accounting for 84.22%of the total oil,principallygeranyl acetate(16.26%),eugenol(13.90%),citral(13.20%),2-Ethylhexyl acrylate(8.55%),estragole(7.89%),and neral(7.60%).The above results indicate that the essential oil of D.moldavica has the potential to be developed as an insecticide for storage pests.