食药环犯罪规制对策研究

Research on the Regulation Countermeasures of Food,Drug and Environmental Crimes

食药环犯罪具有公害犯罪的一般特征。从法律经济学的角度看,成本收益对比、公地悲哀、权力俘获和寻租带来的机会主义强化了犯罪冲动,犯罪的累积犯特征、公共政策的不明朗、选择性执法、政策性执法弱化了犯罪规制能力。要改变上述局面,就必须更新刑法立法理念、完善罪名体系、充实刑罚结构、部门法竞合适用、广泛适用民法连带责任。

The crimes of food,medicine and environment have the general characteristics of the crimes of public hazards.From the perspective of legal economics,the opportunism brought by cost-benefit comparison,tragedy of Commons,power capture and rent-seeking strengthens the impulse of crime while the characteristics of cumulative crime,uncertainty of public policy,selective law enforcement and policy law enforcement weaken the ability of crime regulation.To change the above situation,it is necessary to update the concept of criminal law legislation,improve the types of crimes,enrich the penalty structure,apply multiple departments of law in competition and widely apply joint responsibility in civil law.