妊娠晚期生殖道感染检测分析及对妊娠结局的影响

Effect of genital tract infection on pregnancy outcome in late pregnancy

目的分析妊娠晚期生殖道微生物感染状况及其对妊娠结局的影响,为临床防治提供理论依据。方法选取2015年3月—2019年3月我院收治的286例妊娠晚期妇女为研究对象,入组孕妇均进行生殖道病原微生物感染的检测,分析生殖道微生物感染状况,并观察妊娠晚期生殖道感染对妊娠结局的影响。结果入组286例妊娠晚期妇女,52例(18.18%)出现生殖道病原微生物感染,其中2.10%(6/286)为滴虫感染,11.89%(34/286)为解脲支原体感染,1.40%(4/286)为沙眼衣原体感染,6.64%(19/286)为假丝酵母菌感染,共11例合并有2种或2种以上微生物感染,占3.85%;此外,妊娠晚期生殖道存在微生物感染者早产、胎膜早破、产褥期感染、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息和新生儿感染等不良妊娠结局发生率均明显高于无微生物感染者(P均<0.05);多重微生物感染者早产发生率明显高于单一微生物感染者(P<0.05);治愈组不良妊娠结局发生率明显低于无效组(P<0.05)。结论妊娠晚期生殖道微生物感染以解脲支原体、假丝酵母菌较为常见,且妊娠晚期生殖道微生物感染会增加孕妇不良妊娠结局发生风险,多重微生物感染会增加妊娠妇女的早产发生率,临床上可据此为妊娠期妇女制定合理的防治方案,对确保母婴良好结局有重要临床意义。

Objective To analyze the situation of genital tract microbial infection in late pregnancy and its effect on pregnancy outcome,so as to provide theoretical basis for clinical prevention and treatment.Methods A total of 286 women in late pregnancy admitted to our hospital from March 2015 to March 2019 were selected as subjects.All pregnant women were tested for genital tract pathogenic microbial infection,and the status of genital tract microbial infection was analyzed.The effect of genital tract infection in late pregnancy on pregnancy outcome was observed.Results Among the included 286 women in late pregnancy,there were 52 patients(18.18%)with genital tract pathogenic microbial infection.Among them,2.10%(6/286)had trichomoniasis infection,11.89%(34/286)had Ureaplasma urealyticum infection,1.40%(4/286)had Chlamydia trachomatis infection and 6.64%(19/286)had Candida albicans infection.There were 11 cases infected by 2 or more microorganisms,accounting for 3.85%.In addition,the incidences of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as premature delivery,premature rupture of membranes,puerperal infection,fetal distress,neonatal asphyxia and neonatal infection in patients with microbial infection in late pregnancy were significantly higher than those without infection(P<0.05).The incidence of premature delivery in patients with multiple microbial infections was significantly higher than that in patients with single microbial infection(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the curing group was significantly lower than that in the ineffective group(P<0.05).Conclusions Ureaplasma urealyticum and Candida albicans are common pathogens causing genital tract microbial infection in late pregnancy.Genital tract microbial infection during late pregnancy increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.Multiple microbial infections increase the incidence of premature delivery in pregnant women.According to this evidence,reasonable prevention and treatment programs for pregnant women can be developed in clinical practice,which is of great clinical significance for ensuring good maternal and neonatal outcomes.