烟台文教区不透水下垫面降雨径流过程污染特性分析

Analysis of Pollution Characteristics of Rainfall Runoff Process of Underlying Surface of Yantai Cultural and Educational Area

面源污染是城市河流水质污染的主要来源之一.沿海城市受地理气候条件的影响,降雨径流污染负荷与内陆地区相比可能具有不同的特征.研究以沿海地区烟台大学北校区文教区为例,对屋面、路面2种典型不透水下垫面的降雨径流面源污染负荷特征进行了分析,结果表明:屋面与路面2种不透水下垫面的COD、TP、NH 3-N初期冲刷效应明显,路面径流污染物浓度值要大于屋面径流污染物;烟台文教区屋面和路面污染物EMC比其他大中型城市文教区低,主要原因与沿海气象条件和地理位置造成的污染沉降较少相关.负荷分析表明截流20%的初期径流能控制约32%~48%的面源污染负荷,因此控制初期降雨径流污染负荷对改善沿海水环境质量具有十分重要的意义.

Non-point source pollution is one of the main sources of water pollution in urban rivers.Coastal cities are affected by geographical and climatic conditions,and its non-point source runoff pollution loads may have different characteristics compared with inland areas.Taking the cultural and educational district of the north campus of Yantai university in the coastal area as an example,the characteristics of the non-point source pollution load of two typical impervious underlying surface on roof and road are analyzed.The results show that the initial flushing effects of chemical oxygen demand(COD),total phosphorus(TP)and ammonium(NH 3-N)on both roof and road surface are obvious.The pollution concentration of road runoff is higher than that of roof runoff.The pollutants'EMC values of roof and road runoff in Yantai cultural and educational area are lower than those in the same district of other domestic cities,mainly related to the less pollution settlement caused by the good coastal air quality and geographical location.The analysis of pollution load shows that the interception of initial 20%runoff can control about 32%~48%of the non-point source pollution load,indicating that control of the initial rainfall runoff pollution load is of great significance for improving the quality of coastal water environment.