世纪之交乡土小说的大地“复魅”与生态关切

The Land“Reenchantment”and Ecological Concern of Local Novels at the Turn of the Century

在新时期的“寻根文学”中,乡土大地带有地域性特征的自然神性色彩曾经得到充分书写;新旧世纪之交,文学创作在对田园的反顾和现代性的省思中,带有神秘色彩的民间文化再一次开始了对大地的“复魅”。敬畏自然的民间文化走出了“寻根”的意图,和环境危机下的生态关怀紧密地结合在了一起:随着世界范围内生态主义思潮的勃兴,也对应于中国工业化、城市化的突飞猛进所带来的环境蜕变等生态问题愈演愈烈,知识分子和艺术家阶层将“创生”信仰注入日常生活,观照心灵世界的失落,重塑自然的神秘生机,倡导爱生惜物的理念。世纪之交乡土小说的大地复魅主题,传达出中国作家对单一文化宰制的忧虑、对于生态多样性的呼吁,也正是在这个意义上,这些创作体现了意味深长的反思和批判意识。

In the“root seeking literature”of the new era,the natural divinity of the local land with regional characteristics has been fully written;at the turn of the new and old centuries,literature creation begins to“reenchantment”the land again with the mysterious folk culture in the thought of returning to the countryside and modernity.The folk culture of reverence for nature has gone out of the intention of“seeking roots”,which is closely combined with the ecological concerns under the environmental crisis:with the rise of the trend of ecologism in the world,it also corresponds to the growing ecological problems brought about by the rapid development of China’s industrialization and urbanization,such as the environmental transformation.The intellectuals and artists inject the belief of“creation”into daily life.At the turn of the century,the theme of land reenchantment in local novels conveys the worries of Chinese writers about the domination of a single culture and their appeal for ecological diversity.In this sense,these works embody a profound sense of reflection and criticism.