汉中市郊区大棚蔬菜土壤重金属污染特征及环境质量评价

以汉中市某大棚蔬菜基地土壤为研究对象,分析了不同品种菜地土壤的养分、重金属含量和形态分布,并利用单因子污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法评价了土壤环境质量状况。结果表明,大棚菜地土壤呈现酸性,土壤中重金属Pb的平均含量为35.25 mg/kg,Zn的平均含量为206.92 mg/kg,分别是陕西省土壤背景值的1.65和2.98倍;Pb的单因子污染指数在1~3之间,为中度污染,Zn的单因子污染指数在2~3之间,为重度污染;2种重金属的内梅罗综合污染指数在2~3之间,土壤质量总体评价为中度污染。

The soil nutrients,heavy metal content and forms of greenhouse vegetables soil was analyzed in Hanzhong suburb,China.The Soil environmental quality was evaluated by using single factor pollution index method and Nemero integrated pollution index.The results showed that the soil of greenhouse vegetable is acidic.The average content of Pb and Zn in the soil was 35.25 mg/kg and 206.92 mg/kg respectively,it is 1.65 and 2.98 times of the soil background value of Shaanxi province.The single-factor pollution index of Pb is between 1 and 3,indicating moderate pollution,while the single-factor pollution index of Zn is between 2 and 3,indicating severe pollution.The Nemero comprehensive pollution index of the two heavy metals is between 2 and 3,and the soil quality is generally rated as moderate pollution.