2014-2018年沈阳市空气质量状况及变化趋势分析

分析沈阳市2014—2018年空气质量及主要污染物的变化趋势,揭示影响其变化的可能因素,为评估本地区大气污染治理效果,以及进一步提出治理措施提供依据。收集沈阳市2014—2018年PM2.5,PM10,SO2,NO2,CO和O3日平均浓度及每日空气质量指数(Air Quality Index,AQI)数据,应用SPSS24.0统计软件分析其变化趋势。结果显示,沈阳市2014—2018年AQI年均值逐年下降,空气质量逐年好转,空气质量属于“良”水平;PM2.5,PM10,SO2和NO2的年平均浓度呈逐年降低趋势,CO年平均浓度在2014—2016年呈逐年降低趋势,2017年有所升高,O3呈逐年上升趋势;6种大气污染物均呈现明显的季节分布特征,PM2.5,PM10,SO2,NO2,CO呈现冬高夏低的趋势,O3呈现冬低夏高的趋势。相关性结果分析表明,AQI与PM2.5,PM10,SO2,NO2,CO呈正相关关系,与O3呈负相关关系;2014年沈阳市首要污染物为PM2.5,共计170 d,占全年47.09%,其次是PM10和SO2,分别占到37.67%和9.42%。近年来沈阳市空气质量好转,大气污染治理取得一定成效,但仍需加强对大气污染物排放的控制。

To investigate the air quality and the variation trend of main air pollutants of Shenyang from 2014 to 2018,and reveal the possible factors that influence its change,and assess the regional air pollution control to provide basis for further treatment measurements.The daily average concentration of six air pollutants(24-hour average concentration of PM2.5,PM10,SO2,NO2,CO,maximum 8-hour daily average concentration of O3)was collected and the trends of air quality index(AQI)of Shenyang from 2014 to 2018 was analyzed by SPSS24.0 software.The annual average value of AQI was declined steadily and the air quality of Shenyang was improved year by year from 2014 to 2018 which the air quality was good.The average annual concentration of PM2.5,PM10,SO2 and NO2 was declined steadily.Though the annual concentration of CO with a down ward trend from 2014 to 2016,it increased by in 2017.O3 was rose year by year.The main air pollutants showed apparent seasonal variation in Shenyang,with the concentration of PM2.5,PM10,SO2,NO2,and CO highest in winter and lowest in summer,and O3 lowest in winter and highest in summer.Correlation analysis shows AQI was positively linearly related to PM2.5,PM10,SO2,NO2 and CO,and negatively correlated with O3.PM2.5 was the primary pollutant in Shenyang with the number of days was 170 in 2014,which accounted for 47.09%of the total days;followed by PM10 and SO2,accounting for 37.67%and 9.42%.In recent years,the air quality in Shenyang has improved,and the treatments for air pollution control has achieved some results.However,more efforts should be done to control air pollution emissions.