“族格”的知识社会学考察

An Investigation of“National Character”from the Perspective of Knowledge Sociology

“族格”是特定民族所具有的内在特质。从广义上讲,它是指特定民族在各个方面所展现出来的特质;从狭义上讲,它主要是指特定民族在心理方面所展现出来的特质。当被当作特定民族的行为习惯时,它表现为品格;当被当作特定民族的心理认知时,它表现为性格。“族格”的形成是继承性因素和创新性因素共同作用的结果。“族格”具有继承性、创新性、地域性和意向性等特点。对于民族共同体甚至民族国家而言,“族格”既具有积极功能又具有消极功能。

“National character”is an intrinsic trait of a particular nation.Broadly speaking,it refers to the traits displayed in various aspects;narrowly speaking,it refers mainly to a psychological trait.It manifests itself in nature when regarded as the behavior of a particular nation and manifests itself in personality when regarded as the psychological cognition of a particular nation.Its formation being the result of inheritance and creativity,it has the characteristics of inheritance,creativity,locality and intentionality.Thus for national communities or even nation states,it has both positive and negative functions.