自然保护区土地生态适宜性评价--以湖南省万佛山自然保护区为例

Land ecological suitability evaluation of nature reserve:with Wanfo Mountain Nature Reserve in Hunan Province as an example

为加强土地生态管理,推进自然保护区土地合理利用,本研究运用最小累积阻力模型和地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)空间分析方法,采用地形地貌、生态环境、人为干扰、生态功能区4类阻力因子建立阻力评价指标体系,对湖南省万佛山自然保护区展开土地生态适宜性评价研究,并依据空间耦合关系,提出相应的管理建议。根据土地生态适宜性分区结果,万佛山自然保护区可分为4级适宜区:Ⅰ级适宜区占地4036.04hm^2,应以生态保护为主,控制一切开发建设活动;Ⅱ级适宜区占地3828.51 hm^2,应保持河流、生态园林等景观类型,改善和提高生态系统功能;Ⅲ级适宜区占地1426.77 hm^2,应以保障生态安全为底线,发展生态农业,积极开展退耕还林;Ⅳ级适宜区占地692.11 hm^2,应秉持环境保护与环境建设并举的原则,以生态建设为主。

In order to strengthen the ecological management and promote the rational utilization of land in nature reserve,this study used spatial analysis methods of minimum cumulative resistance model and geographic information system(GIS)and resistance evaluation index system,which included four factors of topography,ecological environment,human disturbance and eco-functional zone,to evaluate the land ecological suitability of Wanfo Mountain Nature Reserve in Hunan Province and gave some corresponding regulatory advices according to the spatial coupling relationship.The result showed that according to the ecological suitability of land,Wanfo Mountain Nature Reserve can be divided into four levels.The suitable area of gradeⅠwas 4036.04 hm^2,where we should give priority to ecological protection and control all construction activities.The suitable area of gradeⅡwas 3828.51 hm^2,where we should protect the landscape types such as rivers and ecological gardens and improve the function of the ecosystem.The suitable area of gradeⅢwas 1426.77 hm^2,where we should take the ecological security as the bottom line,develop ecological agriculture and carry out the project of returning farmland to forest actively.The suitable area of gradeⅣwas 692.11 hm^2,where we should adhere to the principle of environmental protection and environmental construction,and focus on ecological construction.