印度石窟建筑空间形态分析

Analysis on the Spatial Form of Indian Grotto Architecture

石窟建筑作为一种特殊的建筑形式,融合了建筑、雕刻、绘画等艺术形式。石窟艺术源于古印度,经由中亚—西域—黄河流域传入我国,在我国北方地区广泛分布,以其丰富、精美绝伦的壁画、雕刻著称于世,是中国古代历史上最为重要的文化遗产。以支提窟为线索探讨石窟形制的变化,从空间形态进行分析,得出石窟空间形态的变化是由内部空间功能需求所驱动的,同时也受到地域条件、气候环境、文化习惯、审美意识等诸多条件的制约,而雕刻艺术的出现将极大地改变石窟艺术的发展方向,同时这种变化将对中国的石窟艺术产生深远影响。

As a special form of architecture,grotto architecture integrates architecture,sculpture,painting and other art forms.Grotto art originated in ancient India and was introduced into China via central Asia,the western regions and the Yellow River valley.It is widely distributed in the north of China and is famous for its rich and exquisite murals and carvings.It is the most important cultural heritage in a ncient Chinese h istory.T his paper t akes t he chaitya a s clues to investigate t he shape changes of g rottoes cave,a nalyzes f rom spatial form,and concludes that the change in spatial form of grottoes is driven by the internal space functional requirements,but also limited by geographical conditions,climate,environment,cultural habits,aesthetic consciousness,and many other conditions.The emergence of sculpture art will greatly change the development direction of grotto art,at the same time,which also have far-reaching influence on Chinese grotto art.