骨质疏松症患者认知度及防治的调查研究

Investigation on patient awareness for and prevention of osteoporosis

目的通过对骨质疏松及骨量减少患者进行问卷调查,了解骨质疏松症患者的认知度及防治现状,为骨质疏松症患者的教育、预防及治疗提供一定的依据。方法选取2016年1月至2017年12月新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院骨密度室就诊的骨质疏松及骨量减少患者作为调查对象。采用自制汉维双语的问卷,问卷的内容包括:一般资料、骨质疏松的认知及治疗情况。采用t检验或方差分析比较不同特征组认知度评分的差异,并分析骨质疏松的认知水平。结果不同年龄被调查者骨质疏松认知度评分比较,差异无统计学意义(Z=1.498,P=0.119),不同性别[女:(11.76±4.49)分,男:(10.98±4.44)分]、学历[初中及以下:(11.04±4.71)分,高中/中专:(11.69±4.10)分,本科/大专:(12.16±4.46)分]和收入情况[<2000元:(10.46±4.50)分,2000~5000元:(11.81±4.49)分,5001~8000元:(11.49±4.32)分,>8000元:(16.75±3.30)分]被调查者骨质疏松认知度评分比较,差异均具有统计学意义(t=1.069,P=0.023;Z=1.107,P=0.046;Z=2.804,P=0.040)。报纸电视等媒体为认知的主要来源。结论大多数骨质疏松症患者认知度不足,防治现状差,应加大宣传骨质疏松症的防治力度与深度,针对不同民族的特点,根据其相关知识和实际生活情况开展不同层次的健康指导。

Objective To conduct a questionnaire survey among patients with osteoporosis and osteopenia to understand the patient awareness for and prevention status of osteoporosis to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of this disease.Methods Patients with osteoporosis and bone mass reduction treated at the Bone Density Department of the Orthopaedics Center of the People′s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from January 2016 to December 2017 were selected as subjects.A self-made ChineseUkrainian bilingual questionnaire was used.The content of the questionnaire included:general information,awareness of osteoporosis,and treatment.The t-test or AONOVA was used to compare the differences of awareness scores in different characteristic groups,and analyze the congnitive level of osteoporosis.Results Osteoporosis awareness was not statistically significant among respondents of different ages(Z=1.498,P=0.119),but differed significantly among respondents of different genders,education levels,and income(t=1.069,P=0.023;Z=1.107,P=0.046;Z=2.804,P=0.040).Media such as newspapers and television were the main sources of obtaining the information on osteoporosis.Conclusion Most patients with osteoporosis have insufficient awareness and poor control status.We should increase the intensity and depth of prevention and treatment of osteoporosis,and provide different levels of health guidance based on the characteristics of different nationalities and according to their relevant knowledge and actual living conditions.