蒙古国发现的古代回鹘陵墓

Ancient Uighur Mausolea Discovered in Mongolia

蒙古国境内保存有众多四方形遗址,多见于鄂尔浑河谷,蒙古国与中国考古人员对靠近回鹘汗国首都哈拉巴拉哈逊的后杭爱省浩腾特苏木的四方形遗址进行了考古发掘,发掘了其中的六座四方形遗址,即乌布尔哈布其勒3、5号遗址,胡拉哈1号遗址,浑地壕赖3、5、6号遗址。通过墓葬的一些建筑元素如砖、瓦、装饰用黏土块、陶罐、骨箭头和铜箭镞、陶锭、木头等,尤其是墓内所出突厥卢尼文铭文,可以确定这些四方形遗址的时间范围当在7-9世纪,即漠北回鹘之物,不是一般百姓的墓葬,而应为回鹘皇室的陵墓。墓区同时还存在早期的匈奴墓和晚期的蒙古墓葬。

In the nation of Mongolia,there are many archaeological sites known as durvuljin most of which have been found in Orkhon Valley. Mongolian-Chinese archaeologists investigated those durvuljin located in Khotont county of Arkhangai province,near the Uighur capital of Khar Balgas(Ordu-Balik).So far the archaeologists have excavated six durvuljin:Uvur havtsaliin am sites No. 3 and No.5,Khnlhiin am site No.1,and Khundiin Khooloi sites No.3,No.5 and No.6. According to the architectural elements:bricks,tiles,decorative clay pieces,ceramic pots,bones and bronze arrowheads,ceramic spindles and some wood,especially a runic inscription found in a tomb,the archaeologists thought it is possible that these durvuljin were from the Uighur period of the 7th-9th centuries and the chamber tombs were not for the common people but rather were those of the Uighur royal family. There are also early Xiongnu tombs and late Mongolian tombs in the tomb area.