近现代文学“洋货”贬抑话语的三种向度

Three Dimensions of Derogatory Discourse of“Foreign Goods”in Modern Chinese Literature

近代中国持续遭受到东西方资本主义的入侵,以洋货为代表的商品输入成为列强压迫中国的重要手段。近现代文学中既有对洋货形象的正面描写,也存在大量负面性的贬抑话语,后者与洋货大规模进入中国的历史进程相伴相生,是在特殊的历史背景和时代语境下,国内兴起的民族主义思想及文化防卫意识的产物。从政情隐喻、民生观照与道德规诫三个向度出发,能够发现其独特而丰富的历史文化内涵。但长期以来,此类旨在表述"洋货"负面性征并带有贬抑色彩的文学话语大多处于边缘地位,众多的作者和作品湮没在历史的深处。本文即意图钩沉这一文学景观,梳理与呈现此类话语的文学表达及意象隐喻,讨论诸种文本的意义,考察作者的洋货体认及其政治、文化心态,以求更大程度地接近历史的真实与细部,并在全球经济日趋一体的今天,给现实带来某种启示。

Modern China suffered from the invasion of Eastern and Western capitalism for a long time,and the foreign goods imported was a main means for the powers to oppress China.In modern Chinese literature,there are both positive descriptions of foreign goods and a large number of negative derogatory discourse.The latter is accompanied by the historical process of foreign goods entering China on a large scale,which is the product of the rising nationalism and cultural defense consciousness in China under the special historical background and the context of the era.From the three dimensions of political situation metaphor,livelihood observation and moral constraint,we can discover the rich historical and cultural connotation.However,for a long time,such literary discourse that are intended to express the negative characteristics of"foreign goods"with derogatory colors,are mostly marginalized.And many authors and works have been buried in the depths of history.This article intends to sink into this literary landscape,sort out and present the literary expressions and image metaphors of such discourse,discuss the meaning of the various texts,and examine the author’s perception of such foreign goods both of their political point of view and cultural mentality in order to be more close to the historical truth and details,and bring some enlightenment to reality under the situation of the global economy that is becoming more and more integrated today.