铸铁的合金化及合金铸铁的分类

Alloying of Cast Iron and Classification of Alloy Cast Iron

铸铁不仅是古老的铸造合金,也是迄今为止用量最大、用途最广的铸造合金。参与世界铸件产量统计的38个国家在2018年的铸件总产量为11273万吨,其中铸铁件7832万吨占总量的69.5%;铸铁件在冶金矿山、机床制造、汽车拖拉机、机车城轨、动力工程、石化电力、轻纺工业、水暖器材以及食品工业等行业中均有广泛应用。随着应用领域技术的发展,对铸件特种性能的要求,以及对铸件轻量化的要求,也越来越高;因而,在原有基础上使用各种合金元素,达成更高的力学性能、更适宜的综合性能,将是铸铁的发展方向之一。基于此,本刊自2020年第3期起与读者分享吴德海先生等人关于《合金铸铁》的系列研究内容。

Cast iron is not only an old casting alloy, but also the most widely used one.The total output of 38 countries participating in the world casting production statistics in 2018 is 112.73 million tons, of which 78.32 million tons are cast iron, accounting for 69.5% of the total. Iron castings are widely used in metallurgy and mining, machine tool manufacturing, automobile and tractor, locomotive and rail, power engineering, petrochemical power, light textile industry, water heating equipment and food industry.With the development of application technology, the requirements for special properties and lightweight of castings are getting higher and higher.Therefore, it will be one of the development directions of cast iron to use all kinds of alloy elements on the original basis to achieve higher mechanical properties and more suitable comprehensive properties. Based on this, this journal will share with readers a series of research contents about alloy cast iron by Mr. Wu Dehai and others since the 3 rd issue in 2020.