贾鲁河辨误

On the Problems of Jialu River’s Research

战国鸿沟水系、隋唐大运河通济渠、宋代汴河与明清贾鲁河是历史上黄淮平原最重要的水系。随着鸿沟水系、通济渠与宋代汴河的湮废,明清贾鲁河的水运作用日益显著。明清之后,贾鲁河承担了沟通黄河、淮河两大水系的历史重任。由于当前学界对明清贾鲁河的基础研究工作不够深入,因此对于贾鲁河的历史产生了诸多错误认识。依据文献记载与河道考古资料,通过考证贾鲁河的名称由来、河道走向、形成背景与性质等问题,可确认贾鲁河形成于明清之际,它不是战国鸿沟水系的遗存。再从其河道走向来看,其与元末河臣贾鲁所开的黄河主泓贾鲁河段亦并非同一条河流,因此贾鲁河并非元代贾鲁疏浚。同时,由于贾鲁河形成时间较晚,下游段更没有利用北宋蔡河故道行河,所以它与北宋时期的蔡河无涉。

The river system of Honggou in the Warring states period,the Tongji canal in the Sui and Tang dynasties,the Bian river in the Song dynasty and the Jialu river in the Ming and Qing dynasties are the most important river systems in the Huang-huai plain.With the decline of the river system of Honggou,Tongji canal and the Bian river in Song dynasty,the water transport function of Jialu river in Ming and Qing dynasties was more and more important.After the Ming and Qing dynasties,the Jialu river undertook the historical responsibility of connecting the Yellow river and the Huai river.Because the basic research work of the Jialu in Ming and Qing dynasties is not deep enough,there are many wrong understandings about the history of the Jialu river.Based on the literature records and the archaeological data about the Jialu river,through the research on the origin of the name of the Jialu river,the direction of the river course,the background and nature of its formation.We can confirm that the Jialu river was formed during the Ming and Qing dynasties,and it is not the remains of the Warring states Honggou river system.From the perspective of the river course,it is not the same river as the section of Jialu river which is the main part of the Yellow River opened by the minister Jialu at the end of the Yuan dynasty.At the same time,due to the late formation time of Jialu river,the lower reaches of the river did not make use of the old path of Cai river in the Northern Song dynasty,so it had nothing to do with Cai river.