40年来的德国高等教育研究:制度与研究重点的变化

40 Years of Research on Higher Education in Germany:Institutional and Topical Developments

德国高等教育研究经过40年的发展,已有了广泛而坚实的基础。本文从高等教育系统的数量—结构发展、高校治理、高校组织、高校中的行动团体和机会平等五个方面,概述了德国高等教育研究的相关内容和结果,认为该研究领域在理论、方法论和主题多元化等方面取得了令人满意的成绩。为了进一步发展高等教育研究,应该加强该领域的制度结构建设,特别是学术职业道路建设;同时,需要持续地发展理论和方法,并实现学术性与实践性导向的平衡。对未来发展而言,应该加强高等教育研究与科学研究的合作并关注高等教育领域的小众研究。

After four decades of development,research on higher education in Germany has built a broad and solid foundation.This paper summarizes the contents and results of the research on higher education in Germany from five aspects:quantitative and structural development of the higher education system,university governance,university organization,action groups in universities,and equal opportunities.In conclusion,the research field has achieved satisfactory results referring to theory,methodology,and the variety of topics.Further development of research on higher education should reinforce the construction of institutional structure in this field,especially the construction of academic career path.At the same time,we need to continue developing theory and method in this field,and to achieve the balance between academic and practical orientation.In the future,we should enhance the cooperation between research on higher education and science,and pay more attention to the research of deviation phenomena in higher education.