人类共同体思想的探索与实践——中西方比较的视角

Exploration and Practice of Human Community:A Comparative Perspective between Chinese and Western Cultures

人类共同体既是讨论全人类普遍性政治秩序的理论前提,也是人类社会未来走向的理想目标,人类共同体思想的发展由来已久。本文通过回顾古代、近现代和当代人类共同体思想的发展历程,梳理各学派主要观点,比较了中西方人类共同体思想的内在关联和立场异同,并对人类共同体思想的未来方向做出评价。通过分析,中西方人类共同体思想经历了从理论到实践、从自然道德哲学到政治经济制度的转变,其顺应了全球化时代的规范性和全球性趋势,也努力在过于理想的全球主义和不加约束的国家主义之间寻求平衡。中国提出的“人类命运共同体”理念对走出当前全球治理困境找到新的路径,为促进世界发展带来新的可能。

Human community is the theoretical premise to discuss the universal political order of mankind and the ideal goal of the future of human society as well.This paper reviews the development history of the thought of human community,compares the main viewpoints on it between Chinese and Western cultures,and then evaluates the future of human community.In summary,the ideals of human community between China and West have undergone a change from theory to practice,from natural moral philosophy to political and economic systems.It conforms to the trends of globalization;on the other hand,it needs to find a balance between overly ideal globalism and unconstrained nationalism.The“community with a shared future for mankind”advocated by China finds a new way out of the current global governance dilemma,which will promote the world s development.