医患命运共同体何以可能?——从新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情的防控谈起

How to Realize the Doctor-patient Destiny Community:Start with the Prevention and Control of COVID-19

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情让人们看到例外状态下的医患命运共同体,促使人们反思医患关系。在哲学史上,德国哲学家雅斯贝尔斯恰在讨论医患关系时提出了命运共同体的概念。这个概念澄清了医患关系的原初事实,从此出发可以反思医疗体系中的市场失灵和医患关系异化,指出医改当在制度上保障医患之间的命运共同体关系。医患关系本身不是自由市场关系,这并不意味着要在医改中排除市场的作用。可医患命运共同体的确立是第一位的,只有在这个大原则之下市场才能发挥恰当的作用。医患命运共同体概念还意味着承认现代性的限度,反思科学主义对于“命运”概念的解构,认识到我们无法凭借科技克服存在性焦虑。回归与自然相和谐的疾病观和生死观,也是健康的医患关系得以形成的条件。

The COVID-19 has made us see the doctor-patient destiny community under exceptional conditions,and prompts people to reflect on the doctor-patient relationship.In the history of philosophy,Karl Theodor Jaspers,a philosopher from Germany,put forward the concept of doctor-patient destiny community when discussing the doctor-patient relationship.This concept clarifies the original facts of the doctor-patient relationship,from which we can reflect on the market failure and the dissimilation of the doctor-patient relationship in the medical system,and point out that the medical reform should guarantee the destiny community relationship between doctors and patients.The doctor-patient relationship itself is not a free market relationship,which does not mean that the role of the market should be excluded from the reform.But the establishment of doctor-patient destiny community is the first,and only under this principle can the market play an appropriate role.The concept of doctor-patient destiny community also means acknowledging the limits of modernity,reflecting on the deconstruction of the concept of“destiny”by scientism,and realizing that we cannot overcome existential anxiety with science and technology.Returning to the view of disease and life and death in harmony with nature is also the condition for the formation of a healthy doctor-patient relationship.