论现代汉语复合词词源阐释的原则与方法

On the Principles and Methods of Etymological Interpretation of Compound Words in Modern Chinese

汉语词源学是理论与应用相结合的研究,现代汉语复合词词源阐释是汉语词源学研究中一个重要内容。现代汉语复合词词源阐释必须遵循三个基本原则:在科学界定"词源"的基础上进行复合词词源的阐释,在传统训诂学的主导下进行复合词词源的阐释,在历时与共时相结合的视角下进行复合词词源的阐释。现代汉语复合词词源阐释的方法要注重复合词的词素义分析,探讨古今语法结构的变化,突破文字形体的障碍,关注修辞对词义的影响。

Chinese Etymology is a study of the combination of theory and application. Etymological interpretation of compound words in modern Chinese is an important content in the study of Chinese Etymology. Three basic principles must be followed in the etymological interpretation of compound words in modern Chinese: To explain the etymology of compound words on the basis of scientific definition of"etymology", to explain the etymology of compound words on the premise of taking traditional exegetics as the leading factor, to explain the etymology of compound words from the perspective of diachronic and synchronic. The method of explaining the etymology of compound words in modern Chinese should pay attention to the analysis of morpheme and meaning of compound words, to study the changes of ancient and modern grammatical structure, to break through the obstacles of character form and to pay attention to the influence of rhetoric on the meaning of words.