“圆锁礼”仪式象征研究——以山西长子县丹朱镇为例

A Study of the Symbolic Meaning of the“Round Lock Ceremony”in Danzhu Town,Zhangzi County,Shanxi Province

圆锁礼是丹朱镇每个人都要经历的人生仪式,作为汉族仅存的成年礼仪式之一,圆锁礼具有特殊的仪式象征和文化底蕴,在当地人心中具有重要的地位。由于年代久远,圆锁礼的仪式起源已经无从考究,但可以肯定它与当地的“挂锁”仪式具有紧密的关系。整个仪式分为祭拜、开锁、驱赶和宴客四个环节,仪式过程中的各种物品、行为都具有特殊含义,背后体现了丹朱镇人思想中的神灵敬仰和祖先崇拜意识。圆锁礼正是以仪式象征中以“礼物”形式出现的象征符号为载体,从而在人与神、人与人、人与社区三种交流模式下实现了乡土社会秩序。

The Round Lock Ceremony is a life ritual that everyone in Danzhu Town has to experience.As one of the only adult rituals of the Han Nationality,the Round Lock Ceremony has a special ritual symbol and cultural heritage,which has an important position in the hearts of local people.Due to the long-term neglect,the origin of the Round Lock Ceremony has not been traced,but it is certain that it has a close relationship with the local“padlock”ceremony.The whole ceremony is divided into four parts:worship,unlocking,driving and banquet.The various items and behaviors in the process have special meanings,and the spirit of admiration and ancestor worship in the thoughts of people in Danzhu Town is reflected.It is found that the Round Lock Ceremony is a symbol in the form of“gift”in the ritual symbol.As a carrier,under the three modes of communication between man and God,man and man,man and community,the order structure of the local society has been realized.