从运动式治理到常态治理:基层社会治理转型的中国实践

From Campaign-Style Governance to Conventional Governance:The Practice and Experience of Grass-roots Social Governance in China

运动式治理逐渐成为社会转型中社会治理实践的重要分析范式,转型中国秩序重建中的运动式治理的制度环境与实践机制体现为压力型体制下的层级协同机制、锦标赛体制下的政治动员机制、科层官僚制下的行政吸纳机制。社会转型语境中运动式治理困境体现为“运动式”治理与“科层制”实践的“内卷化”困境、运动式治理行动中的“政策变通”与“共谋行为”以及运动式治理中基于“治理政绩”取向的“治理剧场化”与“剧场政治”困境。中国基层社会治理变迁的中国经验逻辑及其现代转型体现了从运动式治理到常态治理、运动式治理到科层运作的双轨协同、多元主体共治下的参与式治理以及行动者互动场域中的基层网络治理转向。

Campaign-style governance has gradually become an important analytical paradigm of social governance practice in social transition period.The institutional environment and practical mechanism of campaign-style governance in transitional Chinese society are embodied in the hierarchical coordination mechanism under the pressure-based system,the political mobilization mechanism under the championship system,and the administrative absorption mechanism under the bureaucratic system.In the context of social transformation,the Chinese practice of campaign-style governance and its predicament lie in the dilemma of involution of campaign-style and bureaucracy practice,the policy flexibility and conspiracy behavior,and the governance theatricalization and theatrical politics based on the orientation of governance achievements.Chinese experience logic and modern transformation of grass-roots social governance in China reflect the transition from campaign-style governance to conventional governance,which is embodied in the dual-rack coordination between campaign-style governance and bureaucratic operation,participatory governance under muti-subject co-governance and grass-roots network governance in the field of interaction between actors.