农村集体经济组织与农民专业合作社协同扶贫模式创新:重庆例证

The Model Innovation of Cooperative Poverty Alleviation between Rural Collective Economic Organizations and Farmers’Professional Cooperatives:the Case of Chongqing

农村集体经济组织和农民专业合作社是与农民联系较为紧密的两类经济组织,是贫困地区打赢脱贫攻坚战的重要内生性力量。但在实践中,受农村集体经济组织市场主体地位不明确、承担市场经营风险能力弱及农民专业合作社总体规模偏小、脱贫带动力不强等因素影响,两类主体的扶贫作用都未能得到充分发挥。重庆市城口县是国家扶贫开发工作重点县,在近年来的脱贫攻坚中,一方面普遍性地成立了新型农村集体经济组织,作为承接相关政府部门扶贫资源、开展村集体资产运营管理的平台;另一方面通过平等协商将村集体经济组织承接的扶贫资源以入股方式投入当地运行规范、实力较强的农民专业合作社,以获取相对稳定的分红收益,并优先用于增加贫困户收入。该模式既为村“两委”参与市场活动和承接政府扶贫资源提供了有效载体,又较好地保证了农民专业合作社等市场主体的经营自主权,有利于构建激励兼容、多方共赢的长效扶贫机制,是有镜鉴价值的扶贫模式创新。

Rural collective economic organizations and farmers’professional cooperatives are two kinds of economic organizations closely linked with farmers,and they are important forces to win the battle against poverty in poor areas.However,in practice,due to the unclear position of the market subject of rural collective economic organizations,the weak ability to bear the risk of market management,and the small overall scale of farmers’professional cooperatives,the weak driving force to get rid of poverty,the poverty alleviation role of the two types of subjects has not been brought into full play.Chengkou County,Chongqing City is a National Poverty Alleviation and Development county,in recent years,among the poverty alleviation,on the one hand,a new type of rural collective economic organization has been established generally,which can be used as a platform to undertake poverty alleviation resources of relevant government departments and carry out the operation and management of the village collective assets.On the other hand,through equal negotiation,the poverty alleviation resources undertaken by rual collective economic organizations are invested into the local operation norms and strong farmers’professional cooperatives by means of equity,are used to obtain relatively stable dividend income and give priority to increasing the income of poor households.This model not only provides an effective carrier for the rural two committees to participate in the market activities and undertake the government poverty alleviation resources,but also ensures the management autonomy of the market subjects such as farmers’professional cooperatives.It is a valuable innovation of poverty alleviation mode to build a long-term poverty alleviation mechanism that is encouraged to be compatible and win-win.